KONSELING KELOMPOK DENGAN TEKNIK DIREKTIF UNTUK MENINGKATKAN SELF ESTEEM PADA PEREMPUAN PENERIMA MANFAAT DI PANTI SOSIAL

Abstract

Self-esteem refers to an individual’s evaluation of their own worth and value, which can play an important role in their ability to adapt and undergo a social rehabilitation process. This study aimed to evaluate changes in self-esteem among female beneficiaries following group counseling using a directive technique at a social rehabilitation institution for women in East Jakarta. The study employed a single-group pretest–posttest case series design involving five female beneficiaries. The intervention was conducted in ten group counseling sessions, with targeted changes including active participation, confidence in one’s abilities, persistence, optimism, willingness to make efforts, and self-appreciation. Self-esteem was measured using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) before and after the intervention, while behavioral development was monitored through interviews and observations conducted throughout the counseling process. The results showed that all participants experienced an increase in their RSES scores. The mean score increased from 14.00 at the pretest to 27.40 at the posttest, with a mean change of 13.40 points and individual increases ranging from 11 to 17 points. The changes in scores were accompanied by behavioral improvements, including increased active participation, self-confidence, persistence, optimism, and more positive self-evaluation. However, the changes were not entirely consistent across participants; in two participants, the targeted outcome of maintaining a willingness to continue making efforts had not been achieved by the final session. These findings indicate that group counseling using a directive technique was associated with positive changes in self-esteem and several adaptive behaviors. Given the limited number of participants and the absence of a control group, randomization, and follow-up measurements, the findings should be considered preliminary evidence of change following the intervention rather than causal evidence of the intervention’s effectiveness.